{"id":7170,"date":"2019-07-04T16:04:44","date_gmt":"2019-07-04T14:04:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/culturesco.com\/?p=7170"},"modified":"2019-07-04T16:10:36","modified_gmt":"2019-07-04T14:10:36","slug":"que-designe-exactement-le-terme-serial-killer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/culturesco.com\/index.php\/2019\/07\/04\/que-designe-exactement-le-terme-serial-killer\/","title":{"rendered":"Que d\u00e9signe exactement le terme Serial Killer ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le serial killer appara\u00eet comme un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne propre au XXe si\u00e8cle.<\/h2>\n

Comment va-t-il \u00e9voluer au XXIe ?<\/h3>\n
\"\"
John Wayne GACY<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La formule a \u00e9t\u00e9 adopt\u00e9e vers le milieu des ann\u00e9es 70, sur l’initiative de Robert K. Ressler, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre agent du FBI. Auparavant, on parlait plut\u00f4t de \u00abstranger murders\u00bb<\/p>\n

Stranger murders…<\/h3>\n

le terme indique que les victimes ne pr\u00e9sentent pas de rapport \u00e9vident avec leur bourreau. Il ne s\u2019agit peut-\u00eatre pas de crimes gratuits ni de crime sans raisons… mais, en tout cas, de crime sans motif.<\/p>\n

Les tueurs en s\u00e9rie appartiennent principalement \u00e0 la gent masculine<\/h3>\n

L’homme tue plusieurs fois, la femme g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une seule, le plus souvent motiv\u00e9e par une passion d\u00e9\u00e7ue. Mais \u00e7a peut changer. En France, on se souvient des affaires Marie Besnard<\/strong>, Simone Weber<\/strong>, dans le plus pur style \u00ab\u00a0arsenic et vieilles dentelles\u00a0\u00bb… de Violette Nozi\u00e8res<\/strong>, parricide ch\u00e8re au c\u0153ur des Surr\u00e9alistes… et des s\u0153urs Papin<\/strong> qui inspir\u00e8rent Les Bonnes<\/em> \u00e0 Jean Genet.<\/p>\n

D\u00e9finition du Serial Killer<\/h3>\n

Contrairement \u00e0 ce qu\u2019on pourrait croire, Charles Manson<\/strong>, par exemple, n\u2019est pas un serial killer \u00e0 proprement parler, mais plut\u00f4t un assassin par procuration, un leader qui ordonne les mises \u00e0 mort en \u00e9vitant soigneusement de se salir les mains.<\/p>\n

Voici la d\u00e9finition la plus pr\u00e9cise, \u00e0 l\u2019heure actuelle, du Serial Killer<\/strong> :
\n– individu qui a tu\u00e9 au moins trois personnes, en alternance avec des p\u00e9riodes d’inactivit\u00e9 criminelle. Cette p\u00e9riode de \u00ab\u00a0stand by\u00a0\u00bb doit \u00eatre sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 trente jours entre le premier et le dernier meurtre. Ce n\u2019est donc pas le nombre de victimes qui compte, mais la cadence \u00e0 laquelle le meurtrier frappe.
\nL\u2019erreur vient du go\u00fbt des m\u00e9dias \u00e0 privil\u00e9gier le sensationnel.
\nUn serial killer qui a tu\u00e9 33 fois comme John Wayne GACY<\/strong> est beaucoup plus int\u00e9ressant \u00e0 exploiter qu\u2019un autre qui aura tu\u00e9 deux fois moins.<\/p>\n

Un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne majoritairement am\u00e9ricain<\/h3>\n

La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine est, par excellence, une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de surconsommation, jusqu’\u00e0 celle des amph\u00e9tamines et des antid\u00e9presseurs. Le crime ne fait pas exception au ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de surproduction constat\u00e9 outre-Atlantique, o\u00f9 les criminels massacrent \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle industrielle.<\/p>\n

Le premier plus grand tueur en s\u00e9rie reconnu<\/h3>\n

En 1994 \u00e9tait ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 John Wayne Gacy<\/strong>, plus grand tueur en s\u00e9rie am\u00e9ricain au moment des faits. Pour cette raison, il entrait au Livre des records<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Reconnu coupable de 33 assassinats, il avait pass\u00e9 seize ann\u00e9es en prison, dont quatorze dans le couloir de la mort. Ses victimes avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 viol\u00e9es et tortur\u00e9es. La plupart \u00e9taient sans d\u00e9fense : des enfants ou de jeunes hommes de 14 \u00e0 23 ans, na\u00effs voire simples d’esprit, drogu\u00e9s, prostitu\u00e9s ou mal dans leur peau\u2026<\/p>\n

Le tortionnaire, parfois, \u00e9pargnait l’un d’eux, s\u00fbr de n’avoir rien \u00e0 en craindre.<\/h3>\n

Ma\u00eetre d’\u0153uvre en mati\u00e8re de perversion, Gacy, l\u00e2che pr\u00e9dateur qui se croyait plus fort que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, offrait pourtant l’image parfaite de l’Am\u00e9ricain moyen. Plus que moyen : respectable. A la course \u00e0 l’argent qui motive ses concitoyens, Gacy avait pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 s’investir dans les \u0153uvres sociales. Organisant des kermesses pour les plus d\u00e9munis, se d\u00e9guisant en clown pour animer les orphelinats et les salles de p\u00e9diatrie des h\u00f4pitaux, il \u00e9tait devenu rapidement une vedette locale. Suscitant l’int\u00e9r\u00eat de la presse, il posa pour la post\u00e9rit\u00e9 en compagnie du maire de Chicago puis de l’\u00e9pouse du pr\u00e9sident Carter.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
GACY et la femme du pr\u00e9sident CARTER<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Un livre raconte la vie de John Wayne GACY :\u00a0https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/JOHN-WAYNE-GACY-clown-tueur\/dp\/2910196712\/ref=sr_1_2?__mk_fr_FR=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&keywords=clown+tueur&qid=1562248711&s=books&sr=1-2<\/a><\/p>\n

Un bilan global<\/h3>\n

Si elles \u00e9taient encore en vie, les victimes des tueurs en s\u00e9rie am\u00e9ricains pourraient, une fois regroup\u00e9es, correspondre \u00e0 la population d’une humble bourgade de l’Hexagone : l’un des plus anciens Serial Killers recens\u00e9s, H.H. Holmes, est suspect\u00e9 d’avoir tu\u00e9 entre cinquante et deux cents fois durant le dernier quart du XIXe si\u00e8cle.
\nImpressionnant, \u00e9galement, le tableau de chasse de Jeffrey Dahmer, \u00ab\u00a0le Cannibale de Milwaukee\u00a0\u00bb (17 victimes)\u2026 celui de Juan Corona (25 victimes)… de Larry Eyler (23 victimes)\u2026 de la bande \u00e0 Elmer Wayne Henley (27 victimes, dont la plus jeune n’avait que neuf ans)\u2026 de Edmund Emil Kemper, surnomm\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0Co-Ed Killer\u00a0\u00bb (un r\u00e9cidiviste qui fera 8 victimes au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 70)\u2026 de Martha Beck et Raymond Fernandez (une vingtaine de victimes)\u2026 et de Albert DiSalvo (13 victimes, toutes f\u00e9minines). Sans oublier Ed Gein \u00e0 qui fut consacr\u00e9 livres et films (\u00ab\u00a0Psychose\u00a0\u00bb, notamment).
\nLa qu\u00eate du record constitue d\u2019ailleurs la trame du film am\u00e9ricain de 1996, \u00ab\u00a0Fant\u00f4mes contre fant\u00f4mes\u00a0\u00bb, avec Michael J. Fox. Encore \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque (ils sont cit\u00e9s dans les dialogues) les recordmen am\u00e9ricains du crime \u00e9taient John Gacy et Ted Bundy, avec respectivement 33 victimes pour le premier, entre 50 et 100 pour le second. Mais depuis ces chiffres ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pulv\u00e9ris\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

L\u2019Europe \u00ab\u00a0\u00e0 la tra\u00eene\u00a0\u00bb<\/h3>\n

Aucun tueur en s\u00e9rie europ\u00e9en (Landru, le docteur Petiot, Jack l’Eventreur, l\u2019adjudant Pierre Chanal, Francis Heaulme, Guy Georges, Emile Louis, Michel Fourniret, etc.) n\u2019arrive \u00e0 la cheville de leurs homologues nord-am\u00e9ricains. Le seul \u00e0 pouvoir rivaliser est le docteur anglais Harold Shipman condamn\u00e9 en janvier 2000 pour 15 meurtres indiscutables (et qui se pendit dans sa cellule en 2004) : il est suspect\u00e9 d\u2019en avoir commis entre 215 et 250 entre 1975 et 1998. Viendrait ensuite Patrice Al\u00e8gre, \u00e0 qui l’on essaie d’imputer quelques-uns des 191 meurtres ou disparitions non \u00e9lucid\u00e9s dans son rayon d’action durant son triste r\u00e8gne.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le serial killer appara\u00eet comme un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne propre au XXe si\u00e8cle. Comment va-t-il \u00e9voluer au XXIe ? La formule a \u00e9t\u00e9 adopt\u00e9e vers le milieu des ann\u00e9es 70, sur l’initiative de Robert K. Ressler, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre agent du FBI. Auparavant, on parlait plut\u00f4t de \u00abstranger murders\u00bb Stranger murders… le terme indique que les victimes ne pr\u00e9sentent […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7171,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[65],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-7170","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-image","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-societe","8":"post_format-post-format-image"},"yoast_head":"\nQue d\u00e9signe exactement le terme Serial Killer ? - Culturesco<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"CulturesCo | Un bon coup de pied dans ta Culture | Chroniques et histoire du Rock, chanson fran\u00e7aise, litt\u00e9rature, cin\u00e9ma et bande dessin\u00e9e.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/culturesco.com\/index.php\/2019\/07\/04\/que-designe-exactement-le-terme-serial-killer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Que d\u00e9signe exactement le terme Serial Killer ? - 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